DPH3 cDNA ORF clone, Homo sapiens(human)

Gene
Clones
gRNAs

Summary

Gene Symbol	DPH3
Entrez Gene ID	285381
Full Name	diphthamide biosynthesis 3
Synonyms	DELGIP,DELGIP1,DESR1,DPH3A,KTI11,ZCSL2
General protein information	Preferred Names diphthamide biosynthesis 3 Names DPH3 homolog CSL-type zinc finger-containing protein 2 DPH3 homolog (KTI11, S. cerevisiae) DPH3, KTI11 homolog DPH3A, KTI11 homolog A Del-GEF interacting protein deafness locus putative guanine nucleotide exchange factor interacting protein 1 delGEF-interacting protein 1 diphtheria toxin and Pseudomonas exotoxin A sensitivity required gene 1 zinc finger, CSL domain containing 2 zinc finger, CSL-type containing 2
Gene Type	protein-coding
Organism	Homo sapiens(human)
Genome	Chromosome: 3 Map Location: 3p25.1
Summary	This gene encodes a CSL zinc finger-containing protein that is required for dipthamide biosynthesis. The encoded protein is necessary for the initial step in the modification of a histidine residue in elongation factor-2 to diphthamide. This modified residue is a target for ADP ribosylation by the bacterial toxins diphtheria toxin and Pseudomonas exotoxin A. Alternative splicing results in multiple transcript variants that encode the same isoform. [provided by RefSeq, Feb 2009].
Disorder MIM:	608959

mRNA and Protein(s)

mRNA	Protein	Name
NM_001047434.3	NP_001040899.1	DPH3 homolog isoform 2
NM_206831.3	NP_996662.1	DPH3 homolog isoform 1
NM_206831.2	NP_996662.1	DPH3 homolog isoform 1
NM_001047434.2	NP_001040899.1	DPH3 homolog isoform 2

Pathways from BioSystems

Homologies

	ZCSL2	XP_001081966.1
Bos taurus (cattle)	DPH3	NP_001106770.1
Danio rerio (zebrafish)	dph3	NP_001153296.1
Drosophila melanogaster (fruit fly)	CG14701	NP_650057.1
Homo sapiens (human)	DPH3	NP_996662.1
Canis lupus familiaris (dog)	DPH3	XP_853149.1
Anopheles gambiae (African malaria mosquito)	AgaP_AGAP011288	XP_309358.1
Xenopus tropicalis (tropical clawed frog)	dph3	NP_001016157.1
Gallus gallus (chicken)	DPH3	XP_418742.3
Pan troglodytes (chimpanzee)	DPH3	XP_516312.2
Mus musculus (house mouse)	Dph3	NP_001271275.1
Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat)	Dph3	NP_001128322.1
Caenorhabditis elegans (roundworm)	dph-3	NP_001255419.1

Gene Ontology
Bibliography

Related articles in PubMed

Architecture of the human interactome defines protein communities and disease networks.
Huttlin EL, Bruckner RJ, Paulo JA, Cannon JR, Ting L, Baltier K, Colby G, Gebreab F, Gygi MP, Parzen H, Szpyt J, Tam S, Zarraga G, Pontano-Vaites L, Swarup S, White AE, Schweppe DK, Rad R, Erickson BK, Obar RA, Guruharsha KG, Li K, Artavanis-Tsakonas S, Gygi SP, Harper JW
Nature545(7655)505-509(2017 05)

Frequent DPH3 promoter mutations in skin cancers.
Denisova E, Heidenreich B, Nagore E, Rachakonda PS, Hosen I, Akrap I, Traves V, Garc?a-Casado Z, L?pez-Guerrero JA, Requena C, Sanmartin O, Serra-Guill?n C, Llombart B, Guill?n C, Ferrando J, Gimeno E, Nordheim A, Hemminki K, Kumar R
Oncotarget6(34)35922-30(2015 Nov)

Solution structure of human DESR1, a CSL zinc-binding protein.
Wu F, Zhang J, Sun J, Huang H, Ji P, Chu W, Yu M, Yang F, Wu Z, Wu J, Shi Y
Proteins71(1)514-8(2008 Apr)

Dph3, a small protein required for diphthamide biosynthesis, is essential in mouse development.
Liu S, Wiggins JF, Sreenath T, Kulkarni AB, Ward JM, Leppla SH
Molecular and cellular biology26(10)3835-41(2006 May)

Identification of the proteins required for biosynthesis of diphthamide, the target of bacterial ADP-ribosylating toxins on translation elongation factor 2.
Liu S, Milne GT, Kuremsky JG, Fink GR, Leppla SH
Molecular and cellular biology24(21)9487-97(2004 Nov)

GeneRIFs: Gene References Into Functions What's a GeneRIF?

The results from this study show occurrence of frequent somatic non-coding mutations adjacent to a pre-existing binding site for Ets transcription factors within the directional promoter of DPH3 and OXNAD1 genes in three major skin cancers.
Title: Frequent DPH3 promoter mutations in skin cancers.

Solution structure of human DESR1, a CSL zinc-binding protein.
Title: Solution structure of human DESR1, a CSL zinc-binding protein.

DelGIP1is a binding partner of deafness locus putative guanine nucleotide exchange factor; downregulation of DelGIP1 induced increased extracellular secretion of proteoglycans indicating a possible role for DelGIP1 in the secretion process
Title: Characterisation of an evolutionary conserved protein interacting with the putative guanine nucleotide exchange factor DelGEF and modulating secretion.

The following DPH3 gene cDNA ORF clone sequences were retrieved from the NCBI Reference Sequence Database (RefSeq). These sequences represent the protein coding region of the DPH3 cDNA ORF which is encoded by the open reading frame (ORF) sequence. ORF sequences can be delivered in our standard vector, pcDNA3.1⁺/C-(K)DYK or the vector of your choice as an expression/transfection-ready ORF clone. Not the clone you want? Click here to find your clone.

***CloneID	Accession No.	Definition	**Vector	*Turnaround time	Price (USD)
OHu31933	NM_206831.3 Latest version!	Homo sapiens diphthamide biosynthesis 3 (DPH3), transcript variant 1, mRNA.	pcDNA3.1-C-(k)DYK or customized vector	in pcDNA3.1-C-(k)DYK	$49.50-$69.30 $99.00
OHu31794	NM_001047434.3 Latest version!	Homo sapiens diphthamide biosynthesis 3 (DPH3), transcript variant 2, mRNA.	pcDNA3.1-C-(k)DYK or customized vector	7-9	$69.30 $99.00
View Old Accession Versions >>
OHu31933	NM_206831.2	Homo sapiens diphthamide biosynthesis 3 (DPH3), transcript variant 1, mRNA.	pcDNA3.1-C-(k)DYK or customized vector	in pcDNA3.1-C-(k)DYK	$49.50-$69.30 $99.00
OHu31794	NM_001047434.2	Homo sapiens diphthamide biosynthesis 3 (DPH3), transcript variant 2, mRNA.	pcDNA3.1-C-(k)DYK or customized vector	7-9	$69.30 $99.00
Hide Old Accession Versions >>

ORF Online Only Promotion

Next-day Shipping ORF Clones ( in default vector with tag)
1 Clone	30% OFF
2-4 Clone	40% OFF
5 or more Clone	50% OFF
All Other ORF Clones
30% OFF

*Business Day

** You may select a custom vector to replace pcDNA3.1+/C-(K)DYK after clone is added to cart.

** GenScript guarantees 100% sequence accuracy of all synthetic DNA constructs we deliver, but we do not guarantee protein expression in your experimental system. Protein expression is influenced by many factors that may vary between experiments or laboratories. In addition, please pay attention to the signal peptide, propeptide and transit peptide in target ORF, which may affect the choice of vector (N/C terminal tag vector).

***One clone ID might be correlated to multiple accession numbers, which share the same CDS sequence.

Reference Sequences (Refseq)

DPH3 ( NM_206831.3 ) cDNA ORF clone, Homo sapiens(human) -> NP_996662.1 Homo sapiens diphthamide biosynthesis 3 (DPH3), transcript variant 1, mRNA.

Price & Availability↑

CloneID	OHu31933
Clone ID Related Accession (Same CDS sequence)	NM_206831.3 , NM_206831.2
Accession Version	NM_206831.3 Latest version!	Documents for ORF clone product in default vector
Sequence Information	ORF Nucleotide Sequence (Length: 249bp) Protein sequence SNP
Vector	pcDNA3.1-C-(k)DYK or customized vector	User Manual
Clone information	Clone Map	MSDS
Tag on pcDNA3.1⁺/C-(K)DYK	C terminal DYKDDDDK tags
ORF Insert Method	CloneEZ™ Seamless cloning technology
Insert Structure	linear
Update Date	2019-10-09
Organism	Homo sapiens(human)
Product	DPH3 homolog isoform 1
Comment	Comment: REVIEWED REFSEQ: This record has been curated by NCBI staff. The reference sequence was derived from DA875039.1 and AC090953.2. On Nov 22, 2018 this sequence version replaced NM_206831.2. Transcript Variant: This variant (1) represents the longer transcript and encodes the longer isoform (1). Sequence Note: This RefSeq record was created from transcript and genomic sequence data to make the sequence consistent with the reference genome assembly. The genomic coordinates used for the transcript record were based on transcript alignments. ##Evidence-Data-START## Transcript exon combination :: SRR1803612.235986.1, SRR1803613.12890.1 [ECO:0000332] RNAseq introns :: single sample supports all introns SAMEA1965299, SAMEA1966682 [ECO:0000348] ##Evidence-Data-END## ##RefSeq-Attributes-START## MANE Ensembl match :: ENST00000488423.2/ ENSP00000419599.1 RefSeq Select criteria :: based on conservation, expression, longest protein ##RefSeq-Attributes-END## COMPLETENESS: full length.

ATGGCAGTGT TTCATGACGA GGTGGAAATC GAGGACTTCC AATATGACGA GGACTCGGAG 
ACGTATTTCT ATCCCTGCCC ATGTGGAGAT AACTTCTCCA TCACCAAGGA AGATTTGGAG 
AATGGGGAAG ACGTGGCAAC GTGTCCTAGC TGCTCTCTCA TTATAAAAGT GATTTATGAC 
AAAGATCAGT TTGTGTGTGG AGAAACAGTC CCAGCCCCTT CAGCCAACAA AGAATTAGTT 
AAATGCTGA

The stop codons will be deleted if pcDNA3.1⁺/C-(K)DYK vector is selected.

RefSeq	NP_996662.1
CDS	68..316
Translation	MAVFHDEVEIEDFQYDEDSETYFYPCPCGDNFSITKEDLENGEDVATCPSCSLIIKVIYDKDQFVCGETVPAPSANKELVKC

Target ORF information:

RefSeq Version	NM_206831.3
Organism	Homo sapiens(human)
Definition	Homo sapiens diphthamide biosynthesis 3 (DPH3), transcript variant 1, mRNA.

Target ORF information:

Epitope	DYKDDDDK
Bacterial selection	AMP^R
Mammalian selection	Neo^R
Vector	pcDNA3.1⁺/C-(K)DYK

NM_206831.3

ORF Insert Sequence:

ATGGCAGTGT TTCATGACGA GGTGGAAATC GAGGACTTCC AATATGACGA GGACTCGGAG 
ACGTATTTCT ATCCCTGCCC ATGTGGAGAT AACTTCTCCA TCACCAAGGA AGATTTGGAG 
AATGGGGAAG ACGTGGCAAC GTGTCCTAGC TGCTCTCTCA TTATAAAAGT GATTTATGAC 
AAAGATCAGT TTGTGTGTGG AGAAACAGTC CCAGCCCCTT CAGCCAACAA AGAATTAGTT 
AAATGCTGA

The stop codons will be deleted if pcDNA3.1⁺/C-(K)DYK vector is selected.

DPH3 ( NM_206831.2 ) cDNA ORF clone, Homo sapiens(human) -> NP_996662.1 Homo sapiens diphthamide biosynthesis 3 (DPH3), transcript variant 1, mRNA.

Price & Availability↑

CloneID	OHu31933
Clone ID Related Accession (Same CDS sequence)	NM_206831.3 , NM_206831.2
Accession Version	NM_206831.2	Documents for ORF clone product in default vector
Sequence Information	ORF Nucleotide Sequence (Length: 249bp) Protein sequence SNP
Vector	pcDNA3.1-C-(k)DYK or customized vector	User Manual
Clone information	Clone Map	MSDS
Tag on pcDNA3.1⁺/C-(K)DYK	C terminal DYKDDDDK tags
ORF Insert Method	CloneEZ™ Seamless cloning technology
Insert Structure	linear
Update Date	2017-10-01
Organism	Homo sapiens(human)
Product	DPH3 homolog isoform 1
Comment	Comment: REVIEWED REFSEQ: This record has been curated by NCBI staff. The reference sequence was derived from DA875039.1 and AC090953.2. On Feb 19, 2009 this sequence version replaced NM_206831.1. Transcript Variant: This variant (1) represents the longer transcript and encodes the longer isoform (1). Sequence Note: This RefSeq record was created from transcript and genomic sequence data to make the sequence consistent with the reference genome assembly. The genomic coordinates used for the transcript record were based on transcript alignments. ##Evidence-Data-START## Transcript exon combination :: DA875039.1, SRR1660805.59516.1 [ECO:0000332] RNAseq introns :: single sample supports all introns SAMEA1965299, SAMEA1966682 [ECO:0000348] ##Evidence-Data-END## COMPLETENESS: complete on the 3' end.

ATGGCAGTGT TTCATGACGA GGTGGAAATC GAGGACTTCC AATATGACGA GGACTCGGAG 
ACGTATTTCT ATCCCTGCCC ATGTGGAGAT AACTTCTCCA TCACCAAGGA AGATTTGGAG 
AATGGGGAAG ACGTGGCAAC GTGTCCTAGC TGCTCTCTCA TTATAAAAGT GATTTATGAC 
AAAGATCAGT TTGTGTGTGG AGAAACAGTC CCAGCCCCTT CAGCCAACAA AGAATTAGTT 
AAATGCTGA

The stop codons will be deleted if pcDNA3.1⁺/C-(K)DYK vector is selected.

RefSeq	NP_996662.1
CDS	114..362
Translation	MAVFHDEVEIEDFQYDEDSETYFYPCPCGDNFSITKEDLENGEDVATCPSCSLIIKVIYDKDQFVCGETVPAPSANKELVKC

Target ORF information:

RefSeq Version	NM_206831.2
Organism	Homo sapiens(human)
Definition	Homo sapiens diphthamide biosynthesis 3 (DPH3), transcript variant 1, mRNA.

Target ORF information:

Epitope	DYKDDDDK
Bacterial selection	AMP^R
Mammalian selection	Neo^R
Vector	pcDNA3.1⁺/C-(K)DYK

NM_206831.2

ORF Insert Sequence:

ATGGCAGTGT TTCATGACGA GGTGGAAATC GAGGACTTCC AATATGACGA GGACTCGGAG 
ACGTATTTCT ATCCCTGCCC ATGTGGAGAT AACTTCTCCA TCACCAAGGA AGATTTGGAG 
AATGGGGAAG ACGTGGCAAC GTGTCCTAGC TGCTCTCTCA TTATAAAAGT GATTTATGAC 
AAAGATCAGT TTGTGTGTGG AGAAACAGTC CCAGCCCCTT CAGCCAACAA AGAATTAGTT 
AAATGCTGA

The stop codons will be deleted if pcDNA3.1⁺/C-(K)DYK vector is selected.

DPH3 ( NM_001047434.3 ) cDNA ORF clone, Homo sapiens(human) -> NP_001040899.1 Homo sapiens diphthamide biosynthesis 3 (DPH3), transcript variant 2, mRNA.

Price & Availability↑

CloneID	OHu31794
Clone ID Related Accession (Same CDS sequence)	NM_001047434.3 , NM_001047434.2
Accession Version	NM_001047434.3 Latest version!	Documents for ORF clone product in default vector
Sequence Information	ORF Nucleotide Sequence (Length: 174bp) Protein sequence SNP
Vector	pcDNA3.1-C-(k)DYK or customized vector	User Manual
Clone information	Clone Map	MSDS
Tag on pcDNA3.1⁺/C-(K)DYK	C terminal DYKDDDDK tags
ORF Insert Method	CloneEZ™ Seamless cloning technology
Insert Structure	linear
Update Date	2019-10-10
Organism	Homo sapiens(human)
Product	DPH3 homolog isoform 2
Comment	Comment: REVIEWED REFSEQ: This record has been curated by NCBI staff. The reference sequence was derived from AK022970.1 and AC090953.2. On May 31, 2019 this sequence version replaced NM_001047434.2. Transcript Variant: This variant (2) lacks an exon in the coding region but maintains the reading frame compared to variant 1. This variant encodes isoform 2, which is shorter than isoform 1. Sequence Note: This RefSeq record was created from transcript and genomic sequence data to make the sequence consistent with the reference genome assembly. The genomic coordinates used for the transcript record were based on transcript alignments. ##Evidence-Data-START## Transcript exon combination :: SRR1660807.84466.1, SRR1660805.107982.1 [ECO:0000332] RNAseq introns :: single sample supports all introns SAMEA1965299, SAMEA1966682 [ECO:0000348] ##Evidence-Data-END## COMPLETENESS: complete on the 3' end.

1
61
121

ATGGCAGTGT TTCATGACGA GGTGGAAATC GAGGACTTCC AATATGACGA GGACTCGGAG 
ACGTATTTCT ATCCCTGCCC ATGTGGAGAT AACTTCTCCA TCACCAAGGA TCAGTTTGTG 
TGTGGAGAAA CAGTCCCAGC CCCTTCAGCC AACAAAGAAT TAGTTAAATG CTGA

The stop codons will be deleted if pcDNA3.1⁺/C-(K)DYK vector is selected.

RefSeq	NP_001040899.1
CDS	68..241
Translation	MAVFHDEVEIEDFQYDEDSETYFYPCPCGDNFSITKDQFVCGETVPAPSANKELVKC

Target ORF information:

RefSeq Version	NM_001047434.3
Organism	Homo sapiens(human)
Definition	Homo sapiens diphthamide biosynthesis 3 (DPH3), transcript variant 2, mRNA.

Target ORF information:

Epitope	DYKDDDDK
Bacterial selection	AMP^R
Mammalian selection	Neo^R
Vector	pcDNA3.1⁺/C-(K)DYK

NM_001047434.3

ORF Insert Sequence:

1
61
121

ATGGCAGTGT TTCATGACGA GGTGGAAATC GAGGACTTCC AATATGACGA GGACTCGGAG 
ACGTATTTCT ATCCCTGCCC ATGTGGAGAT AACTTCTCCA TCACCAAGGA TCAGTTTGTG 
TGTGGAGAAA CAGTCCCAGC CCCTTCAGCC AACAAAGAAT TAGTTAAATG CTGA

The stop codons will be deleted if pcDNA3.1⁺/C-(K)DYK vector is selected.

DPH3 ( NM_001047434.2 ) cDNA ORF clone, Homo sapiens(human) -> NP_001040899.1 Homo sapiens diphthamide biosynthesis 3 (DPH3), transcript variant 2, mRNA.

Price & Availability↑

CloneID	OHu31794
Clone ID Related Accession (Same CDS sequence)	NM_001047434.3 , NM_001047434.2
Accession Version	NM_001047434.2	Documents for ORF clone product in default vector
Sequence Information	ORF Nucleotide Sequence (Length: 174bp) Protein sequence SNP
Vector	pcDNA3.1-C-(k)DYK or customized vector	User Manual
Clone information	Clone Map	MSDS
Tag on pcDNA3.1⁺/C-(K)DYK	C terminal DYKDDDDK tags
ORF Insert Method	CloneEZ™ Seamless cloning technology
Insert Structure	linear
Update Date	2018-06-22
Organism	Homo sapiens(human)
Product	DPH3 homolog isoform 2
Comment	Comment: REVIEWED REFSEQ: This record has been curated by NCBI staff. The reference sequence was derived from DA875039.1, AK022970.1 and AC090953.2. On Feb 19, 2009 this sequence version replaced NM_001047434.1. Transcript Variant: This variant (2) lacks an exon in the coding region but maintains the reading frame compared to variant 1. This variant encodes isoform 2, which is shorter than isoform 1. Sequence Note: This RefSeq record was created from transcript and genomic sequence data to make the sequence consistent with the reference genome assembly. The genomic coordinates used for the transcript record were based on transcript alignments. ##Evidence-Data-START## Transcript exon combination :: SRR1660805.107982.1, SRR1660809.179192.1 [ECO:0000332] RNAseq introns :: single sample supports all introns SAMEA1965299, SAMEA1966682 [ECO:0000348] ##Evidence-Data-END## COMPLETENESS: complete on the 3' end.

1
61
121

ATGGCAGTGT TTCATGACGA GGTGGAAATC GAGGACTTCC AATATGACGA GGACTCGGAG 
ACGTATTTCT ATCCCTGCCC ATGTGGAGAT AACTTCTCCA TCACCAAGGA TCAGTTTGTG 
TGTGGAGAAA CAGTCCCAGC CCCTTCAGCC AACAAAGAAT TAGTTAAATG CTGA

The stop codons will be deleted if pcDNA3.1⁺/C-(K)DYK vector is selected.

RefSeq	NP_001040899.1
CDS	114..287
Translation	MAVFHDEVEIEDFQYDEDSETYFYPCPCGDNFSITKDQFVCGETVPAPSANKELVKC

Target ORF information:

RefSeq Version	NM_001047434.2
Organism	Homo sapiens(human)
Definition	Homo sapiens diphthamide biosynthesis 3 (DPH3), transcript variant 2, mRNA.

Target ORF information:

Epitope	DYKDDDDK
Bacterial selection	AMP^R
Mammalian selection	Neo^R
Vector	pcDNA3.1⁺/C-(K)DYK

NM_001047434.2

ORF Insert Sequence:

1
61
121

ATGGCAGTGT TTCATGACGA GGTGGAAATC GAGGACTTCC AATATGACGA GGACTCGGAG 
ACGTATTTCT ATCCCTGCCC ATGTGGAGAT AACTTCTCCA TCACCAAGGA TCAGTTTGTG 
TGTGGAGAAA CAGTCCCAGC CCCTTCAGCC AACAAAGAAT TAGTTAAATG CTGA

The stop codons will be deleted if pcDNA3.1⁺/C-(K)DYK vector is selected.

PubMed

Architecture of the human interactome defines protein communities and disease networks.
Nature545(7655)505-509(2017 05)
Huttlin EL,Bruckner RJ,Paulo JA,Cannon JR,Ting L,Baltier K,Colby G,Gebreab F,Gygi MP,Parzen H,Szpyt J,Tam S,Zarraga G,Pontano-Vaites L,Swarup S,White AE,Schweppe DK,Rad R,Erickson BK,Obar RA,Guruharsha KG,Li K,Artavanis-Tsakonas S,Gygi SP,Harper JW

Frequent DPH3 promoter mutations in skin cancers.
Oncotarget6(34)35922-30(2015 Nov)
Denisova E,Heidenreich B,Nagore E,Rachakonda PS,Hosen I,Akrap I,Traves V,Garc?a-Casado Z,L?pez-Guerrero JA,Requena C,Sanmartin O,Serra-Guill?n C,Llombart B,Guill?n C,Ferrando J,Gimeno E,Nordheim A,Hemminki K,Kumar R

Solution structure of human DESR1, a CSL zinc-binding protein.
Proteins71(1)514-8(2008 Apr)
Wu F,Zhang J,Sun J,Huang H,Ji P,Chu W,Yu M,Yang F,Wu Z,Wu J,Shi Y

Dph3, a small protein required for diphthamide biosynthesis, is essential in mouse development.
Molecular and cellular biology26(10)3835-41(2006 May)
Liu S,Wiggins JF,Sreenath T,Kulkarni AB,Ward JM,Leppla SH

Identification of the proteins required for biosynthesis of diphthamide, the target of bacterial ADP-ribosylating toxins on translation elongation factor 2.
Molecular and cellular biology24(21)9487-97(2004 Nov)
Liu S,Milne GT,Kuremsky JG,Fink GR,Leppla SH

- Most Popular Services
  - 人工遺伝子合成& DNA合成-納期保証
- Services & Products

見積依頼

Eメール

[email protected]

電話

03-6811-6572

FAX

03-6811-6573
050-3174-7589(受注専用)

オンラインフォーム

オンライン注文

DPH3 cDNA ORF clone, Homo sapiens(human)

Gene

Clones

gRNAs

Related articles in PubMed

Target ORF information:

Target ORF information:

ORF Insert Sequence:

Target ORF information:

Target ORF information:

ORF Insert Sequence:

Target ORF information:

Target ORF information:

ORF Insert Sequence:

Target ORF information:

Target ORF information:

ORF Insert Sequence:

Most Popular Services

Services & Products

見積依頼

Eメール

電話

FAX

オンラインフォーム